Attended religious grade school (Grades 1-8), St. Ambrose Catholic Church, Brunswick
Brunswick High School, Class of 1972
Kent State University, Bachelor of General Studies, 1979. 235 quarter hours, 3.47 GPA
University of Akron, Master of Arts, 1985. Special fields of graduate study: Urban Studies, History of Transportation, Political Science, Statistical Research Methods
University of Akron, Ph.D. History, 1993; 3.74 GPA, Martin Scholar for two years.